Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a widely used laser eye surgery designed to correct refractive vision problems such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Unlike LASIK, PRK does not involve creating a flap snuseoul in the cornea, making it a preferred option for individuals with thinner corneas or certain corneal irregularities. While the procedure itself is quick and relatively painless, the recovery timeline is longer and more involved than LASIK. Understanding the stages of PRK recovery can help patients prepare for what’s ahead and improve their chances of a smooth healing process.
Immediate Post-Surgery: The First 24-72 Hours
The first few days after PRK surgery are typically the most uncomfortable. After the procedure, a bandage contact lens is placed on the eye to protect the cornea as it begins to regenerate its outer layer, the epithelium. During this period, patients often experience eye discomfort, tearing, light sensitivity, and a gritty sensation, similar to having something in the eye. Blurry vision is also common, and visual acuity may fluctuate from hour to hour. Prescription eye drops, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications, are usually prescribed to prevent infection and reduce swelling. Patients are advised to rest, avoid bright lights, and refrain from rubbing their eyes during this critical stage of healing.
Week 1: Epithelial Healing and Bandage Removal
By the end of the first week, the epithelium has typically healed enough for the bandage contact lens to be removed. Although the most intense discomfort subsides within the first 3–5 days, patients may still experience mild irritation, light sensitivity, and blurry vision for several more days. Vision tends to be noticeably worse in this period compared to LASIK, which can be concerning for some. However, this is entirely normal as the eye continues to heal. It’s crucial during this stage to avoid strenuous activity, swimming, and environments with dust or smoke. Continued use of lubricating drops helps keep the eyes moist and comfortable as healing progresses.
Weeks 2–4: Gradual Visual Improvement
During the second to fourth week after surgery, vision begins to improve more steadily. Most patients report a noticeable increase in clarity, although it may still be slightly blurry or hazy. Depth perception, contrast sensitivity, and night vision can remain suboptimal for several weeks. Some individuals may also experience glare, halos around lights, or starbursts at night. Regular follow-up appointments with the ophthalmologist during this time help monitor healing and adjust treatment if necessary. Patients may still need to use anti-inflammatory drops, and wearing sunglasses outdoors is recommended to protect the healing cornea from UV rays.
1 to 3 Months: Stabilization of Vision
Between one and three months post-surgery, the majority of patients experience significant stabilization in their vision. For many, this is when the full benefits of PRK become more apparent. Visual acuity typically approaches or reaches 20/20 without glasses or contact lenses, depending on the original prescription. Any residual side effects, such as dryness or light sensitivity, generally improve during this time. However, it’s important to continue practicing good eye care habits, including limiting screen time and using artificial tears as needed. The eye continues to remodel itself microscopically, and minor fluctuations in vision can still occur occasionally.
3 to 6 Months: Long-Term Recovery and Final Results
By the six-month mark, the corneal tissue is fully healed, and visual outcomes are usually stable and clear. Some patients might require a minor enhancement procedure if their vision doesn’t reach the desired level, though this is relatively rare. Long-term results from PRK are typically excellent, with the majority of patients achieving significant independence from corrective lenses. It’s essential to attend all scheduled follow-ups to ensure that healing is complete and to address any lingering concerns. At this point, most patients resume all normal activities, including sports, driving at night, and prolonged screen usage without issues.
Tips for a Smooth Recovery
Recovering from PRK surgery demands patience and care. To optimize healing, patients should follow all post-operative instructions from their eye surgeon closely. Key recommendations include avoiding smoking, staying hydrated, not rubbing the eyes, protecting the eyes from UV exposure, and using prescribed medications diligently. It’s also wise to plan time off work or school for at least one week following the surgery. Communicating any unusual symptoms, such as increased pain or vision loss, to your doctor is vital for preventing complications. With a clear understanding of the recovery timeline and proactive aftercare, patients can look forward to life with clearer, sharper vision.